Socialism, Authoritarianism and Extremism and in the MENA Region

Extremism

LIMS participated in the inaugural conference of the World Anti Extremism Network (WAEN) in Toronto on December 14, 2023. Dr. Mardini, CEO of LIMS, took part in a panel focused on saving the world from dictatorships, defending freedom, democracy, human rights, and countering extremism and authoritarianism.

During his address, Dr. Mardini presented a comprehensive classification of countries in the region based on their prevailing political systems. Firstly, he discussed military-backed regimes found in Syria, Libya, Iraq, and Yemen, characterized by socialism, secularism, and authoritarianism. These regimes often culminated in civil wars, fostering an environment conducive to the rise of extremism as seen with the rise of groups like ISIS. Secondly, theocracies, reliant on natural resource exports, were noted for opposing socialism due to its secular nature. However, on the economic front, they embraced socialist policies, including large government, high regulations, and central planning. Thirdly, monarchies, whether absolute or constitutional, traditionally conservative, were highlighted as undergoing a shift toward tolerance. Those adopting low taxes and a free-market approach, exemplified by Dubai, experienced prosperity. Meanwhile, those adopting socialist policies, as observed in instances in Morocco, achieved less effective results. Lastly, democracies were discussed for their flexibility to switch between socialism and free-market policies based on election outcomes, allowing exploration of the best system through trial and error. Instances of socialist policies led to poverty, exemplified by Tunisia post-revolution, while free-market approaches sparked prosperity, as seen in Lebanon in the 40s and 50s.

Dr. Mardini also delved into the connection between authoritarian regimes and socialism. He outlined how these regimes embrace socialism to concentrate power through central planning, control citizens via large government structures, appropriate wealth under the guise of redistribution, suppress dissent in the name of public safety, and gain popular appeal by professing a commitment to reducing poverty.